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...he early 1970s. In 1972, after concluding a study on the US government's [[computer security]] needs, the US standards body [[NBS]] (National Bureau of Standar ...criticism from various parties, including from [[public-key cryptography]] pioneers [[Martin Hellman]] and [[Whitfield Diffie]], citing a shortened [[key lengt ...

...l mechanical calculators. Though these machines are early forerunners to [[computer engineering]], the calculator failed to be a great commercial success. Beca [[Category:Computer pioneers]] ...

...stricted to mathematics; sciences such as [[physics]], [[chemistry]] and [[computer science]] benefit from the concept. ...Via [[Euler angles]], [[Rotation matrix|rotation matrices]] are used in [[computer graphics]].<ref>{{Harvard citations|nb = yes|last = Kuipers|year = 1999}}</ ...